Axiological perspective of the drum in the afro-Venezuelan and Caribbean imaginary

Abstract

This essay highlights the drum as a key element in the construction and expression of Afro-Venezuelan cultural identity within the context of 21st-century social movements seeking to reclaim Venezuelan and Caribbean Afro-descendant heritage. It explains the relevance of the drum in collective memory and cultural resistance. The study is grounded in theoretical frameworks such as Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenological hermeneutics and Toulmin’s argumentation theory, which provide a conceptual lens to understand embodiment and perception in cultural practices. A qualitative methodology was adopted from an interpretive paradigm, utilizing in-depth interviews with drum practitioners to capture the experiences and meanings associated with this instrument. The data collection process focused on selecting participants with a deep connection to Afro-Venezuelan traditions, ensuring meaningful narratives. The axiological findings revealed that the drum acts as a vehicle for communication, a repository of historical memory a symbol of resistance, emphasizing the axiology of the sacred, emancipation, reciprocity, and equity. The conclusions highlight that, beyond being a musical instrument the drum serves as a solid foundation for social and cultural integration, allowing Afro-Venezuelan communities to assert their identity. This research contributes to the understanding of Afro-Venezuelan and Caribbean cultural heritage, promoting respect and appreciation for cultural diversity in contemporary society.